Audit, Compliance and Risk Blog

In1964 Robert Kearns invented the intermittent windshield wiper. But it would be 26 years and take more than a decade of litigation before he reaped the rewards of his invention. Payday for Kearns finally arrived in 1990 when Ford Motor paid him more than $10 million to settle the patent infringement lawsuit he brought against the company. Recalling Kearns’s story, which was turned into the 2008 feature film Flash of Genius, seems an appropriate lead-in for today’s blog on how to make money from your patent.

2012 has been a relatively quiet one for environmental health and safety (EH&S) compliance personnel.  Fewer new laws are enacted in election years, because some or all of the lawmakers are busy running for election or re-election.                                       

Response to Criminal Violations in the Deepwater Horizon Disaster

On November 28, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announced that it was temporarily suspending BP from all new contracts with the U.S. government. EPA acted two weeks after BP agreed to plead guilty to 14 criminal counts, including manslaughter, obstruction of Congress and other criminal charges stemming from the 2012 Deepwater Horizon blowout and oil spill. BP also agreed to pay $4.5 billion in penalties. Federal agencies have authority to issue temporary suspensions and longer-term “debarments” to parties that violate criminal laws (over three thousand were issued in the last fiscal year). EPA is the lead agency doing so for violations of national water and air laws. The effects on BP could be significant: BP is currently the largest lease-holder in deep water portions of the Gulf of Mexico, and in 2011 was the largest supplier of fuels to the U.S. military. Its existing contracts are not affected, but it is ineligible for new ones (for example, the company has already had to skip a round of deep water leasing by the Department of the Interior).

While we watch negotiators in Doha, Qatar continue to struggle to find international agreement on effective climate change minimization measures, it's useful to look at one part of the planet where aggressive actions are underway.  No, not the U.S. federal government, which took time out of preparations for “fiscal cliff” negotiations to pass a law on November 27 empowering the Department of Transportation to prohibit U.S. airlines from participation in the European Union’s Emissions Trading Scheme (Public Law No. 112-200).  This month's prime example of action is California, which just held its first auction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission allowances to inaugurate a statewide cap-and-trade program.

Ever since the passage of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX), the concept of internal control over financial reporting has taken on a new meaning. The U.S. Congress passed this legislation in part because of the failure of certain large companies, notably Enron and WorldCom, which met their demise in part because of real or perceived weaknesses in company internal control and less than adequate corporate governance. SOX reinforces the concept that company management is responsible for establishing and maintaining an adequate internal control structure and robust procedures for financial reporting.

The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) of 1977 prohibits U.S. companies from making bribes or other “corrupt payments” to foreign officials for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business. Concerns that this U.S. attempt to mediate its companies’ overseas activities might prove quixotic—and potentially disadvantaging—to American competitiveness have abated (although not disappeared) since the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) promulgated its “Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions.” As of November 2012 the OECD Convention has been ratified by all 34 OECD member countries, and five others as well.

Domestic violence is a widespread problem with serious consequences for the victims, their families and their workplaces as well. In 2005 a national telephone survey by the Corporate Alliance to End Partner Violence found that 44% of the employed U.S. adults surveyed reported having personally experienced the effects of domestic violence in their workplace, and 21% identified themselves as victims. The same survey reported that 38% of respondents were “somewhat” to “extremely” concerned for their own safety when they learned that one of their co-workers was being victimized.

Accountants in the United States are in demand once again. There are specific needs at the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) and the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Separately, the skills and talents of those CPAs that practice in the “income tax world” will be helpful to address scheduled individual income-related issues as year-end looms.

Recent storms on the US east coast have once again highlighted the importance of having at least some understanding of insurance law, in particular the procedures for making an insurance claim in the aftermath of a catastrophic event.

The presence of “hazardous” materials in your workplace can trigger a wide variety of environmental health and safety requirements and hazardous waste regulations.  The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and state worker protection agencies issue standards to protect workers during occupational handling and storage.  The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and state environmental agencies issue requirements governing the management of hazardous wastes, and emissions to a variety of environmental media (air, water and land).